Candidate Selection & Optimization

Post-translational modifications such as glycosylation or PEGylation are often applied to proteins or peptides in order to improve stability and increase physiological retention time. Some biologics, such as insulin, are required to form well-defined oligomeric states for the same reason. Modification of IgG with conjugated, highly toxic drugs can convert an antibody to a potent anti-cancer substance.

Drug-Antibody Ratio

Triple-detection SEC-MALS utilizing combined UV, MALS and RI instruments readily determines the degree of glycosylation or PEGylation, and in many instances may be used to calculate the drug-antibody ratio (DAR) of antibody drug conjugates (ADCs).

Oligomerization

CG-MALS analyzes reversible oligomerization by measuring the dependence of weight-average molar mass on concentration. The oligomeric order may be determined unambiguously, along with the affinity.

Antibody engineering and other modifications by means of mutations to the genetic sequence may be carried out in order to improve stability or efficacy. SEC-MALS helps determine the impact of these changes on aggregation, while CG-MALS assesses how they have affected target binding properties.

Biocolloids

For larger entities such as virus-like particles (VLPs) and polymer, liposome or hydrogel-based drug carriers, separation by field-flow fractionation (FFF) is usually preferable to size exclusion chromatography. The Eclipse™ FFF system offer a variety of options for optimal separation, upstream of a MALS detector.

Oligomerizasyon

Biyokolloidler